Portfolio of work completed with supporting narrative paper Essay

Portfolio of work completed with supporting narrative paper - Essay Example Over the more than 20 years it has been in operation in the industry, it has gained super advantages in terms of the logistics, the production technology and dissemination of information to the market in terms of its sales and marketing ability (SDITC). The company has a history of production of only quality products and does not reciprocate on quality in the market. This goes hand in hand with promotion of excellence in the market that it operates in. some of the products that the company produces are; ceramic tiles, carpet tiles, floor tiles, mosaic marble and many different types of tile products. With an employee total range of 100-500 at any one time in its operation, the company has developed to become a high stake in the industry and with the slightly over 20 years of operation, it has developed a very strong manufacturing in technology based production. Its sales and marketing to the market is also a very efficient strategy in that the company has good customer relations whic h have made it dominate the Chinese market for a good length of time. Therefore, undertaking internship at such a company exposes the subject to very objective experience in the respective field of study. With its technology applications, the company introduces the learner to the most current methods of sales and marketing. Description of Work Experiences A typical day week was comprised of a range of activities that were carried periodically either on day to day basis or weekly basis. There are those activities that were based on appointments and had to be referred to on a weekly basis. As a sales assistant at the company, there was a vast range of activities that were relevant to the course which was being done. One of the duties was that of an assistant sales staff work at the company. In this capacity, the work involved constituted helping potential customers to access purchases at the company. Tracking customers was another sales activity that was involved in at the company. Th is was tracking the orders that the company was to implement. When a company was having a pool of activities involving the use of orders, there was need to get a follow up activity that was used to make the customers be able to create continuous sales activities in the company. Tracking of the orders is used to make a follow up on the orders made to customers so that there is no single lost market for the company. Communication is very important in marketing. This marketing and sales is based on the fact that one is able to communicate and convince the customers to be able to purchase and be able to purchase again when another chance like that presents itself. Sound communication was therefore important in tracking the customers in their whereabouts and then initializing the programs that would make a positive transaction between the company and the customer. Once some of the business activities had been initialized, it was necessary creating a link through the available communicati on channels at the company to make sure that new sales opportunities are created to new customers. This was created through enough business networking through the internet and all the technological sources available. Development of new customers is a very strong progressive step towards the development of the company sales. In creation of new customers, there is always need to create a safe and

Karl Marx and Human Nature Essay Example for Free

Karl Marx and Human Nature Essay I have taken for my study one chapter from the book Marx and human nature by Norman Geras. In the second chapter Norman Geras deals with the human nature and historical materialism. Although many Marxists denied Marxs theory of human nature that there was a human nature to be found in Marxs words, there is in fact a Marxist conception of human nature which remains, to some degree, constant throughout history and across social boundaries. The sixth of the Theses on Feuerbach provided the basics for this interpretation of Marx according to which there was no eternal human nature to be found in his works. Feuerbach resolves the essence of religion into the essence of man human nature. But the essence of man is no abstraction inherent in each single individual. In reality, it is the ensemble of the social relations. Feuerbach, who does not enter upon a criticism of this real essence, is hence obliged: Human nature Thus, Marx appears to say that human nature is no more than what is made by the social relations. Norman Geras Marxs Theory of Human Nature, however, offers an extremely detailed argument against this position. In outline, Geras shows that, while the social relations are held to determine the nature of people, they are not the only such determinant. In fact, Marx makes statements where he specifically refers to a human nature which is more than what is conditioned by the circumstances of ones life. In Capital, in a footnote critiquing utilitarianism, he says that ’’utilitarian’s must reckon with human nature in general, and then with human nature as modified in each historical epoch. Marx is arguing against an abstract conception of human nature, offering instead an account rooted in sensuous life. While he is quite explicit that individuals express their life, so they are. Hence what individuals are depends on the material conditions of their production, he also believes that human nature will condition (against the background of the productive forces and relations of production) the way in which individuals express their life. History involves a continuous transformation of human nature, though this does not mean that every aspect of human nature is wholly variable; what is transformed need not be wholly transformed. Marx did criticize the tendency to transform into eternal laws of nature and of reason, the social forms springing from your present mode of production and form of property, a process sometimes called reification. For this reason, he would likely have wanted to criticize certain aspects of some accounts of human nature. Human beings collectively work on nature but do not do the same work; there is a division of labor in which people not only do different jobs, but according to Marxist theory, some people live from the work of others by owning the means of production. How this is accomplished depends on the type of society. Production is carried out through very definite relations between people. And, in turn, these production relations are determined by the level and character of the productive forces that are present at any given time in history. For Marx, productive forces refer to the means of production such as the tools, instruments, technology, land, raw materials, and human knowledge and abilities in terms of using these means of production. Human nature, Marxs ethical thought and alienation Gears says of Marxs work that: Whatever else it is, theory and socio-historical explanation, and scientific as it may be, that work is a moral indictment resting on the conception of essential human needs, an ethical standpoint, in other words, in which a view of human nature is involved . Alienation, for Marx, is the estrangement of humans from aspects of their human nature. Since as we have seen human nature consists in a particular set of vital drives and tendencies, whose exercise constitutes flourishing; alienation is a condition wherein these drives and tendencies are stunted. For essential powers, alienation substitutes disempowerment for making ones own life ones object, ones life becoming an object of capital. Marx believes that alienation will be a feature of all society before communism. The opposite of, alienation is actualization or self-activity- the activity of the self, controlled by and for the self. Human nature and the expansion of the productive forces It has been held by several writers that it is Marxs conception of human nature which explains the primacy thesis concerning the expansion of the productive forces, which according to Marx, is itself the fundamental driving force of history. If true, this would make his account of human nature perhaps the most fundamental aspect of his work. Geras writes, ‘‘historical materialism itself, this whole distinctive approach to society that originates with Marx, rests squarely upon the idea of a human nature. It highlights that specific nexus of universal needs and capacities which explains the human productive process and mans organized transformation of the material environment; which process and transformation it treats in turn as the basis both of the social order and of historical change. The tendencys autonomy is just its independence of social structure, its rootedness in fundamental material facts of human nature and the human situation. Historical progress consists fundamentally in the growth of peoples abilities to shape and control the world about them. This is the most basic way in which they develop and express their human essence. Historical materialism Historical materialism started from a fundamental underlying reality of human existence: that in order for human beings to survive and continue existence from generation to generation, it is necessary for them to produce and reproduce the material requirements of life. Marx then extended this premise by asserting the importance of the fact that, in order to carry out production and exchange, people have to enter into very definite social relations, most fundamentally production relations. Norman Geras analyzed historical materialism and postulated that society has moved through a number of types or modes of production. That is, the character of the production relations is determined by the character of the productive forces; these could be the simple tools and instruments of early human existence, or the more developed machinery and technology of present age. The main modes of production Marx identified generally include primitive communism or tribal society (a prehistoric stage), ancient society, feudalism, and capitalism. In each of these social stages, people interact with nature and produce their living in different ways. Any surplus from that production is allotted in different ways. Ancient society was based on a ruling class of slave owners and a class of slaves; feudalism was based on landowners and serfs; and capitalism based on the capitalist class and the working class. The capitalist class privately owns the means of production, distribution and exchange (e. g. , factories, mines, shops and banks) while the working class live by exchanging their socialized labor with the apitalist class for wages. Marx identified the production relations of society (arising on the basis of given productive forces) as the economic base of society. He also explained that on the foundation of the economic base their arise certain political institutions, laws, customs, culture, etc. , and ideas, ways of thinking, morality, etc. These constituted the political/ideological superstructure of society. This superstructure not only has its origin in the economic base, but its features also ultimately correspond to the character and development of that economic base, i. . the way people organize society is determined by the economic base and the relations that arise from its mode of production. Historical materialism can be seen to rest on the following principles: 1. The basis of human society is how humans work on nature to produce the means of subsistence. 2. There is a division of labor into social classes (relations of production) based on property ownership where some people live from the labor of others. 3. The system of class division is dependent on the mode of production. 4.  The mode of production is based on the level of the productive forces. 5. Society moves from stage to stage when the dominant class is replaced by a new emerging class, by overthrowing the political shell that enforces the old relations of production no longer corresponding to the new productive forces. This takes place in the superstructure of society, the political arena in the form of revolution, whereby the underclass liberates the productive forces with new relations of production, and social relations, corresponding to it. Human nature and historical materialism Marxs theory of history attempts to describe the way in which humans change their environments and (in dialectical relation) their environments change them as well. That is Not only do the objective conditions change in the act of reproduction, e. g. the village becomes a town, the wilderness a cleared field etc. but the producers change, too, in that they bring out new qualities in themselves, develop themselves in production, transform themselves, develop new powers and ideas, new needs and new language. The first premise of all human history is, of course, the existence of living human individuals. Thus the first fact to be established is the physical organization of these individuals and their consequent relation to the rest of nature. Thus History does nothing, it possesses no immense wealth, and it wages no battles. It is man, real, living man who does all that, who possesses and fights; history is not, as it were, a person apart, using man as a means to achieve its own aims; history is nothing but the activity of man pursuing his aims. So we can see that, even before we begin to consider the precise character of human nature, real, living humans, and the activity of man pursuing his aims is the very building block of Marxs theory of history. Humans act upon the world, changing it and themselves; and in doing so they make history. But even beyond this, human nature plays two key roles. In the first place, it is part of the explanation for the growth of the productive forces, which Marx conceives of as the driving force of history. Secondly, the particular needs and drives of humans explain the class antagonism which is generated under capitalism. Conclusion and critical remarks Here I would like to say that Marxist philosophical anthropology is one sided. Its conception of human nature and human good overlooks the need for self identity than which nothing is more essentially human. The consequence of this is held to be that Marx and his followers have underestimated the importance of phenomena, such as religion and nationalism, which satisfy the need for self identity. In the study of human nature and historical materialism, history is what is made by human beings and its nature. According to Marx human beings are working and changing the world, Marx ignored all other factors that at work in the development of history. History has been developed not only by human beings but also through various elements. Historical materialism is caused by the production of things and there by arising social relationships. Here it implies that economy is the basic structure of society that controls and develops. But it is a reductionist approach, it is impossible to reduce the basic structure as economic relations alone.

Computers :: Technology

Computers Computers are found in practically every household today. Everywhere you look, people have access to a Personal Computer, someway or another. As computers get more advanced, the demand for a better computer gets greater. The Personal Computer (PC), a machine capable of repetitively and quickly performing calculations and instructions. Designed to be used by a single person, a PC is smaller, less expensive, and easier to use than other classes of computers, such as supercomputers, mainframe computers, and workstations. However, it usually has less computational power.1 First appearing as massive machines seen only in areas of high technology, the computer eventually found its way into homes and offices in the smaller, more accessible form of the PC. They have revolutionized entertainment, science, the media, art, medicine, education, and business because they provide computational abilities at a low cost to people with no programming experience. PCs enable artists to envision and manipulate images. Musicians use them for learning, creating, and recording music. Businesses track finances and forecast company performance using PCs. Foreign correspondents can compose news stories on portable PCs, called laptops, and electronically submit these stories from remote locations. Many people work at home and communicate with fellow workers via their PCs in a practice known as telecommunications. PCs are also able to interface with worldwide communication networks, such as the Internet, and the graphics- based information database known as the World Wide Web to find information on any subject. With a PC and a modem, a user is able to connect to information on local, national, and international networks via phone lines. As computers and software have become easier to use, or more â€Å"user friendly,† many people are finding them both useful and necessary for their jobs. As a family tool, this computer may be used for school, research, communication, record keeping, work, and entertainment. Mainframe Computer, a high-level computer designed for the most intensive computational tasks. Mainframe computers are often shared by multiple users connected to the computer via terminals. The most powerful mainframes, called supercomputers, perform highly complex and time

Bloodsucking Fiends: A Love Story Chapter 15

Part II Nesting Chapter 15 Learning the Licks They took their shoes off and did it again. The second time was less urgent and they tried to impress each other with their respective repertoires of mattress tricks. Jody was careful not to appear too experienced and Tommy pulled on everything he had ever read, from Penthouse to National Geographic, trying not to appear too naive, while fighting the urge to shout â€Å"Gee whiz† with her every move. There was entirely too much thinking involved on both their parts and they finished thinking, Well, that was pretty okay. Jody's fangs stayed safely sheathed behind her canines. She said, â€Å"What was that you shouted at the end?† â€Å"It was a Bantu love cry. I think it translates, ‘Oh baby, polish my lip saucer.  » â€Å"Interesting,† Jody said. They lay there for a while, not talking, feeling uncomfortable and a little embarrassed. Whatever intimacy they shared physically was not echoed emotionally. They were strangers. Tommy felt that he should confess something personal, something to match the outrageous trust she had put in him by telling him her secret. At the same time he was curious, and a little bit afraid. It wasn't as if she had shown him a hidden tattoo. She was a vampire. How do you match that? How do you file that? Under â€Å"Adventure,† he thought. I wanted adventure, and here it is. â€Å"Tommy,† she said, not looking at him, talking more or less to the ceiling, â€Å"I'll understand if you don't want to stay, but I'd like you to.† â€Å"I've never lived with anyone before. This is all new to me. I mean, you probably have a lot more experience than I do at this.† â€Å"Well, not exactly like this. I've lived with a few guys.† â€Å"A few?† â€Å"Ten, I think. But not under these circumstances.† â€Å"Ten? You must be ancient. No offense. I mean, I knew that you were older, but I thought it was just a few years. Not centuries.† She rolled over and looked him in the eye. â€Å"I'm twenty-six.† â€Å"Sure, you look twenty-six. But you've probably looked this way for years. You probably have pictures of yourself with Abraham Lincoln and stuff, right?† â€Å"No, I'm twenty-six. I've been twenty-six for about six months.† â€Å"But how long†¦ I mean†¦ Were you born like†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I've been a vampire for four days.† â€Å"So you're twenty-six.† â€Å"That's what I've been telling you.† â€Å"And you've lived with ten guys?† She got out of bed and started gathering her clothes. â€Å"Look, I don't use the best judgment when it comes to relationships. Okay?† He turned away from her. â€Å"Well, thanks a lot.† â€Å"I didn't mean you. I meant in the past.† He sat on the edge of the bed and hung his head. â€Å"I feel so used.† â€Å"Used?† She leaped over the bed and stood in front of him. â€Å"Used?† She put her finger under his chin and lifted it until he was looking at her. â€Å"I've trusted you with the biggest secret I have. I've offered to share my life with you.† â€Å"Oh, like that's an exclusive privilege.† He pulled away from her and resumed pouting. Jody snatched a shoe off the floor and prepared to whack him with it, then remembered what she had done to Kurt and dropped it. â€Å"Why are you being such an asshole?† â€Å"You drank my blood!† â€Å"Yeah, well, I'm sorry about that.† â€Å"You didn't even ask.† â€Å"And you didn't protest, either.† â€Å"I thought it was a sex thing.† â€Å"It was.† â€Å"It was?† He stopped pouting and looked up at her. â€Å"Does that turn you on?† Jody thought, Why are men never prepared for the toxic radiation of afterglow? Why can't they ride it through without becoming detached whiners or aggressive jerks? They don't get it, that cuddling afterward has nothing to do with warm, fuzzy feelings; it's just the most intelligent way to ride the wave of post-coital depression. â€Å"Tommy, I came so hard, my toes curled. No man has ever made me feel like that before.† How many times have I said that? she thought. â€Å"Yeah?† She nodded. He smiled, feeling proud of himself. â€Å"Let's do it again.† â€Å"No, we need to talk.† â€Å"Okay. But then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Put on your clothes.† Tommy scampered naked out of the bedroom to get a fresh pair of jeans from his suitcase. As he dressed, the infinite possibilities of life swam through his head. Only a week ago he had been staring down the barrel of a life spent in a factory town – of a union job, of a series of financed Fords, a mortgage, too many kids, and a wife who'd go to fat. Sure, there was a certain nobility in being responsible and raising a family – seeing that they never did without. But when his father told him on his eighteenth birthday that he needed to start planning his retirement, he felt his future tighten on him like an anaconda. His father had made it clear that the money for college wasn't there – so after he went to the City and starved, he could come home and get a job down at the factory and get down to the business of being an adult. But not now. He was a City guy now, part of the world; he was involved with a vampire, and the danger of living a normal, boring life had passed completely. He knew he should be afraid, but he was too elated to think about it. He slid into his jeans and ran back to the bedroom, where Jody was getting dressed. â€Å"I'm hungry,† he said. â€Å"Let's go out and get something to eat.† â€Å"I can't eat,† she said. â€Å"Not at all?† â€Å"Not as far as I know. I can't even keep a glass of water down.† â€Å"Wow. Do you have to have blood every day?† â€Å"I don't think so.† â€Å"Does it have to be – I mean, can you use animals, or does it have to be people?† Jody thought about the moth she had eaten and felt as if she'd just downed a cocktail mixed of two parts shame and five parts disgust, with a twist of nausea. â€Å"I don't know, Tommy. I didn't exactly get an instruction book.† He was bouncing around the room like a hyperactive child. â€Å"How did it happen? Did you sell your soul to Satan? Am I going to turn into a vampire? Are you in a coven or something?† She wheeled on him. â€Å"Look, I don't know. I don't know anything. Let me get dressed and we'll go get something for you to eat. I'll explain then, okay?† â€Å"Well, you don't have to bite my head off.† â€Å"Maybe I do,† she snarled, surprised at the acid in her voice. Tommy backed away from her, his eyes wide with fear. She felt horrible. Why did I say that? This was happening too often, this loss of control – showing her burned hand to the bum on the bus, knocking Kurt out, eating the moth, and now threatening Tommy; none of it seemed to be by choice. It was as if vampirism carried with it a crampless case of rattlesnake PMS. â€Å"I'm sorry, Tommy. This has been hard.† â€Å"It's okay.† He picked up the jeans she had destroyed and began emptying the pockets. â€Å"I guess these are done for.† He pulled out the business card that the motel manager had given him. â€Å"Hey, I forgot to tell you. This cop wants to talk to you.† Jody stopped in the middle of tying her shoes. â€Å"Cop?† â€Å"Yeah, an old lady was killed at the motel last night. There were a zillion cops around when I got there this morning. They wanted to talk to everyone that was staying in the motel.† â€Å"How was she killed, Tommy? Do you know?† â€Å"Somebody broke her neck and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He stopped and stared at her, backing away again toward the bathroom. â€Å"What?† she demanded. â€Å"Her neck was broken and what?† â€Å"She'd lost a lot of blood,† he whispered. â€Å"But there weren't any wounds.† He bolted into the bathroom and shut the door. Jody could hear him throw the lock. â€Å"I didn't kill her, Tommy.† â€Å"That's fine,† he said. â€Å"Open the door. Please.† â€Å"I can't, I'm peeing.† He turned on the water. â€Å"Tommy, come out, I'm not going to hurt you. Let's go get you something to eat and I'll explain.† â€Å"You go ahead,† he said. â€Å"I'll catch up to you. Wow, I really had to go. Must have been all that coffee I drank today.† â€Å"Tommy, I swear I didn't know anything about this until you told me.† â€Å"Look at this,† he said through the door, â€Å"I found that crucifix I lost last week. And what's this? My lucky vial of holy water.† â€Å"Tommy, stop it. I'm not going to hurt you. I don't want to hurt anybody.† â€Å"Oh, my garlic wreath. I wondered where I'd put that.† Jody grabbed the door knob and yanked. The doorjamb splintered and the door came away in her hand. Tommy dived into the tub and peeked over the edge at her. She said, â€Å"Let's go get you something to eat. We need to talk.† He pulled himself up slowly, ready to dive down the drain if she made a move. She backed away. He looked at the ruined doorjamb. â€Å"We're going to lose our deposit now; you know that, right?† Jody threw the door aside and offered her hand to help him out of the tub. â€Å"Can I buy you some fries? I'd really like to watch you eat some French fries.† â€Å"That's weird, Jody.† â€Å"Compared to what?† They walked to Market Street where, even at ten o'clock, the sidewalks were crowded with bums and hustlers and teams of podiatrists who had escaped the Moscone Convention Center to seek out burgers, pizzas, and beer in the heart of the City. Jody watched the heat ghosts trailing the street people while Tommy handed out coins like a meter-maid angel trying to atone for a lifetime of giving chickenshit tickets. He dropped a quarter into the palm of a half-fingered glove worn by a woman who was pretending to be a robot, but who looked more like a golem newly shaped from gutter filth. Jody noticed a black aura around the woman, as she had seen around the old man on the bus; she could smell disease and the rawness of open lesions and she almost pulled Tommy away. A few steps away she said, â€Å"You don't have to give them all money just because they ask, you know.† â€Å"I know, but if I give them money I don't see their faces when I'm about to fall asleep.† â€Å"It doesn't really help. She'll just spend it on booze or drugs.† â€Å"If I was her, so would I.† â€Å"Good point,† Jody said. She took his arm and led him into a burger joint named No Guilt: orange Formica tables over industrial-gray carpet, giant backlit transparencies of food glistening with grease, and families gleefully clogging their arteries together. â€Å"Is this okay?† â€Å"Perfect,† Tommy said. They took a table by the window and Jody trembled while Tommy ordered a brace of burgers and a basket of fries. She said, â€Å"Tell me about the woman who was killed.† â€Å"She had a dog, a little gray dog. They found them both in the dumpster at the motel. She was old. Now she'll always be old.† â€Å"Pardon?† â€Å"People always stay the age that they died at. My big brother died of leukemia when I was six. He was eight. Now when I think of him, he's always eight, and he's still my big brother. He never changes, and the part of me that remembers him never changes. See. What about you?† â€Å"I don't have any brothers or sisters.† â€Å"No, I mean, are you going to stay the same? Will you always look like this now?† â€Å"I haven't thought about it. I guess it could be true. I know I heal really fast since it happened.† The waitress brought Tommy's food. He squirted ketchup on the fries and attacked. â€Å"Tell me,† he said around a mouthful of burger. Jody started slowly as she watched his every bite with envy, telling him first about her life before the attack, of growing up in Monterey and dropping out of community college when her life didn't seem to be moving fast enough. Then of moving to San Francisco, of her jobs and her loves and the few life lessons she had learned. She told him about that night of the attack in too much detail, and in the telling she realized how little she understood about what had happened to her. She told him about waking up, and of how her strength and senses had changed, and it was here that words began to fail her – there were no words to describe some of the things she had seen and felt. She told him about the call at the motel and about being followed by the other vampire. When she had finished she felt more confused than when she had started. Tommy said, â€Å"So you're not immortal. He said that you could be killed.† â€Å"I guess; I don't seem to change. All my childhood scars are gone, the lines on my face. My body seems to have lifted a little.† Tommy grinned. â€Å"You do have a great body.† â€Å"I could lose five pounds,† Jody said. She inhaled sharply and her eyes went wide, as if she'd just remembered some explosives she'd left in the oven. â€Å"Oh my God!† â€Å"What?† Tommy looked around, thinking she had seen something frightening, something dangerous. â€Å"This is horrible.† â€Å"What is it?† Tommy insisted. â€Å"I just realized – I'm always going to be a pudgette. I have jeans I'll never get into. I'm always going to need to lose five pounds.† â€Å"So what, every woman I've ever known thought she needed to lose five pounds.† â€Å"But they have a chance, they have hope. I'm doomed.† â€Å"You could go on a liquid diet,† Tommy said. â€Å"Very funny.† She pinched her hip to confirm her observation. â€Å"Five pounds. If he'd only waited another week to attack. I was on the yogurt-and-grapefruit diet. I would have made it. I'd be thin forever.† She realized that she was obsessing and turned her attention to Tommy. â€Å"How's your neck, by the way?† He rubbed the spot where she had bitten him. â€Å"It's fine. I can't even feel a mark.† â€Å"You don't feel weak?† â€Å"No more than usual.† Jody smiled. â€Å"I don't know how much I†¦ I mean, I don't have any way of measuring or anything.† â€Å"No, I'm fine. It was kind of sexy. I just wonder how I healed so fast.† â€Å"It seems to work that way.† â€Å"Let's try something.† He held his hand by her face. â€Å"Lick my finger.† She pushed his hand away. â€Å"Tommy, just finish eating and we can go home and do this.† â€Å"No, it's an experiment. My cuticles get split from cutting boxes at the store. I want to see if you can heal them.† He touched her lower lip. â€Å"Go ahead, lick.† She snaked out a tentative tongue and licked the tip of his finger, then took his finger in her mouth and ran her tongue around it. â€Å"Wow,† Tommy said. He pulled his finger out and looked at it. His cuticle, which had been split and torn, had healed. â€Å"This is great. Look.† Jody studied his cuticle. â€Å"It worked.† â€Å"Do another.† He thrust another finger in her mouth. She spit it out. â€Å"Stop that.† â€Å"Come on.† He pushed at her lips. â€Å"Pleeeeze.† A big guy in a Forty-Niners sweatshirt leaned over from the table next to them and said, â€Å"Buddy, do you mind? I've got my kids here.† â€Å"Sorry,† Tommy said, wiping vampire spit on his shirt. â€Å"We were just experimenting.† â€Å"Yeah, well, this isn't the place for it, okay?† â€Å"Right,† Tommy said. â€Å"See?† Jody whispered. â€Å"I told you.† â€Å"Let's go home,† Tommy said. â€Å"I've got a blister on my big toe.† â€Å"No fucking way, writer-boy.† â€Å"It's low in calories,† Tommy coaxed, prodding her foot with his sneaker. â€Å"Good, and good for you.† â€Å"Not a chance.† Tommy sighed in defeat. â€Å"Well, I guess we've got more to worry about than my toe or your weight problem.† â€Å"Like what?† â€Å"Like the fact that last night I saw a guy in the store parking lot that I think was the other vampire.†

Cyclone Nilam

Cyclonic Storm Nilam (IMD designation: BOB 02, JTWC designation: 02B, also known as Cyclone Nilam) was the worst tropical cyclone to directly affect south India since Cyclone Jal in 2010. Originating from an area of low pressure over the Bay of Bengal on October 28, the system began as a weak depression 550 km (340 mi) east-northeast of Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Over the following few days, the depression gradually intensified into a deep depression, and subsequently a Cyclonic Storm by October 30. It made landfall near Mahabalipuram on October 31 as a strong Cyclonic Storm with peak winds of 85 km/h (50 mph).In Chennai's Marina Beach, strong winds pushed piles of sand ashore and seawater reached nearly a 100 meters inland. Schools and Colleges in the city remained closed for more than three days. More than 3000 people were evacuated around Mahabalipuram in the wake of the storm. Schools and colleges in Chennai declared holidays until 1 November as 282 schools had been converted into r elief centers. Government offices and private organisations closed their operatins by 3 pm to ease traffic congestion. Cyclone shelters had been arranged in Nagapattinam and Cuddalore districts.Mahabalipuram faced power outages and 90 trees were uprooted and two huts were damaged. While damages to property were considerable, human casualties were very few. Nilam was initially estimated to have caused economic losses of around 700 million (US$12. 74 million) to 800 million (US$14. 56 million). The figures soon went up to 100 crore (US$18. 2 million). Later, as the Andhra Pradesh government conducted their review on the storm, it was revealed that the state suffered huge economic losses of 200 crore (US$36. 4 million).

How to Raise Your GPA in High School Class Strategies

How to Raise Your GPA in High School Class Strategies SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The road to a good GPA can be paved with setbacks, but if you figure out where your problems lie and put in the effort to get yourself back on track, you can overcome these obstacles. In this article, I’ve compiled a list of dos and don’ts that will be helpful to you in combating academic pitfalls (and learning to avoid them in the first place!). Read on to figure out how you can improve your GPA by paying attention to your areas of weakness, taking responsibility, and cultivating better study habits. DO's This list includes my best advice on how to change your behavior to reverse negative trends in your GPA. It's best to start by getting a good handle on the fundamental grading structure of the courses where you're having trouble and work your way up to better study habits and strategies. Understand the Course's Grading Scheme The first step in improving your GPA is understanding how you will be graded and which assignments carry the most weight.In some classes, for example, homework assignments might be worth 30% of your grade.If you consistently forget to do homework assignments, you'll be in for a world of hurt when you see your report card even if you did well on all of the tests. That’s why it’s critical to pay attention to the grading methodology. Read the grading guidelines for each class thoroughly. Your teacher probably handed them out to the class at the very beginning of the year, so if you can't find yours just ask for another copy.The guidelines are there to tell you what the expectations are and where you need to focus your effort in the class.Don’t ignore the emphasis that a teacher places on certain aspects of your work and class conduct.If you’re aware of the expectations, it’s impossible to remain in denial about what’s causing your bad grades, which meansyou can start fixing your bad habits and improve! Focus on the Most Important Areas Once you’ve reviewed the grading guidelines, you'll have a better sense of where you should be focusing most of your efforts.Some classes emphasize tests and little else.Others include lab assignments, homework assignments, or papers that strongly influence your final grade.Whatever the case may be, you should alignyour study schedule with the grading policy. This means you shouldn't spend tons of time on a small project that will have minimal impact on your grade or toilaway at ungraded homework assignments late into the night.Though I always recommend at least trying to do the homework (as you’ll see in the next piece of advice), don’t waste hours of your time trying to figure out a tough problem that has stumped you if homework isn’t a largepart of your grade.Do as much as you can while making time for more important tasks.If you have trouble on a homework assignment, most teachers will go over the answers with you later to help you understand the material. They'll appreciate that you at least made an honest effort to complete it on your own. If a project, paper, or test will comprise a large fraction of your final grade, make sure you put yourself in the best position to do a good job.This means planning out your studying far in advance or setting up a schedule for when you will complete each stage of a project.If you put in the time,your efforts will be reflected in your grades. A disturbing street sign to see if you're actually driving, but an inspiring one for the purposes of this article Always Do the Homework, Especially in Math and Science I had many math classes in high school where it didn’t technically matter if you did the homework problem sets. We would go over them together in class, but the teacher never went around and checked whether each person did the assignment.In such a situation, it’s tempting to skip homework since it doesn’t seem like it will impact your grade.But the fact is that this WILL have an indirect negative impact once you're faced with tests and other large assessments. With math and science in particular, knowledge builds on itself.If you don’t understand one unit in math because you didn’t bother figuring out any problems for yourself in the homework assignments, chances are you’re going to have an even tougher time with the next unit.This is how people end up falling farther and farther behind.By the time they’re faced with a test that covers multiple units that they didn’t understand, they realize too late that they should have put in the work earlier.If this tends to happen to you, you may need to be stricter about forcing yourself to do homework assignments even if they â€Å"don’t matter† in and of themselves. Ask for Help If You Don’t Understand Something If you’re struggling with a concept in any of your classes, speak to your teacher as soon as possible to clear up any confusion. It can be difficult to swallow your pride and admit that you don’t understand something, but it’s much easier than dealing with a failing grade later.Again, this is especially important in math and science classes where knowledge builds on itself.You absolutely need to understand basic concepts at the root of what you’re doing before you can progress.Don’t let these concepts pass you by and hope that you’ll somehow catch on later. If you feel nervous about asking for help and aren't sure what to say, you might start with something like this, "I'm having trouble with [subject] and was hoping you could give me some extra guidance. I'll come up with a list of my questions if you're willing to meet sometime after school this week." If you're really shy and don't want to ask your teacher in person (although I would recommend that you do), you can send an email instead so you have more time to think of what to say. Remember that you shouldn't be worried. Even if you ask the grumpiest teacher for help, you're likely to be met with a positive response. Teachers love to see students who are engaged with their classes and are making an honest effort to understand the material. Push the button. Know What’s Being Tested and How Before any test, ask your teacher what concepts will be tested and which types of questions you’ll see.This will help guide your studying and lead to less stress and anxiety when it comes to actually taking the exam. Some teachers might be willing to show you examples of their old testswith similar formats but different questions. These are very useful study materials.Teachers may also offer extra review sessions for students who are looking for more guidance before the test.If this is the case in any of your classes, take advantage of it. You can also ask the teacher if he or she would be willing to do this for a specific test that makes you especially nervous. There are some teachers out there who don't like to tell you what types of questions will be on the test. Don't panic if this is the case. Even these teachers will at least tell you the gist of what's being covered. Even though you'll have less information, you'll still know which materials to study. Just make sure you're as thorough as possible in your review sessions. Study Smart: Know the Difference Between Reading It Over and â€Å"Getting It† So you have to study for a history test, and your teacher gives you some review sheets of the information you need to know - what do you do now?Some people think â€Å"oh, I’ll just read the review sheets a couple of times, and I’ll pretty much know everything I need for the test†.Unless you have a photographic memory, this isn’t the most effective method.You have no way of knowing what will happen when you're asked tocome up with this information after it’s no longer in front of you.Twenty-fourhours later it might be completely lost. While you’re reviewing information that you need to know for a test, read each section or set of facts in your notes, and then look away from them and test yourself.Restate the information in your mind to yourself and/or come up with a totally ridiculous way to remember it (the more absurd and stupid the more likely it is to stick in your brain).After you’ve done this exercise a few times, have a friend, sibling, or parent help you by asking questions about the information. If you know the test will have open response questions, practice connecting different pieces of information in conjunction with basic memorization.Tell a study partner to ask you questions like â€Å"what were the causes of [historical event]?† This will force you to connect different details and gain a more solid grasp on the knowledge you’ll need for the test. Study Smart 2.0: Practice Responsible Study Habits I mentioned above that getting your peers to help you with studying is a good strategy. However, this only works in moderation. Studying with your friends can be great, but studying shouldn’t always be a group effort.Sometimes the focus gets diverted, or you end up convincing each other that you all understand something when only one person really does. Reserve time afterwards to briefly review the information on your own. Also,turn your phone off or put it away while you're studying. Believe me, I know how hard this is. I sleep with my iPhone under my pillow. But if you're going to get some high quality studying done, you can't allow yourself to be distracted by SnapChats or whatever other examples of popular apps I might give that will soon sound ridiculously outdated. The best thing you can do to make the most of your study sessions is to turn off your phone and block distracting websites from your computer so that you won't be tempted to veer off course. Instead of studying, let's just make fun of the one person who isn't here today. Review Your Mistakes In the process of improving your GPA, you’ll probably face some setbacks.How you react to those setbacks makes a big difference.If you get a bad grade on a test, you might not even want to look at your mistakes, but to improve you need to understand where you went wrong.Reviewing mistakes thoroughly is the only way to ensure that you don’t make them again. Even abstract mistakes, like failing to fully explain your ideas in a paper, are worth reviewing.You might not fully agree with your teacher’s opinion about your writing, but it can provide valuable insight into what he or she expects from you.You can then make an active decision the next time you write something to do it in a way that follows the appropriate standards (I know, this is not very punk rock - I’m sorry). Avoid Procrastination I know people who procrastinate to severe panic attack levels while managing to do very well in school and work.The truth is, however, that these people are in the extreme minority.If you’re already struggling in your classes, resist the allure of waiting until the night before to do a project or cramming for a big test. Procrastination can seem glamorous (we all want to be the cool kid who never does anything until the night before and gets all As), but it’s not a wise strategy for most students. If you have problems with procrastination, plan out a schedule beforehand when your teachers hand out assignments.For a project that’s due in a month, set up informal deadlines for yourself that cover different aspects of the project.You might even be able to ask your teacher to check in with you and hold you accountable.If you have a test coming up and you don’t feel prepared, set up a study schedule a week in advance so you can avoid cramming. What procrastination will do to you DON'Ts This second section is all about the pitfalls to avoid when you're struggling with your grades. Surrendering to these negative attitudes and patterns of behavior will only hurt you in the long run! Blame the Teacher The first thing many students do when they get a bad grade is blame the teacher.It’s understandable - you don’t want to think that yougenuinelyearned a bad grade. It’s easier to shift responsibility away from yourself so you don’t have to make any difficult changes.What you need to understand is that when you do this, you’re ultimately sabotaging yourself (unless your teacher is Dolores Umbridge or something). There are bad teachers out there, but they can’t just decide to give you bad grades if you follow their standards.This goes back to understanding how the course will be graded and how much weight is given to certain assignments.Make sure you ask your teacher exactly what is expected of you.It might feel like you'repandering to someone you don’t respect, but if you end up with a bad grade, you’ll be the one who loses out in the end. Obviously, you should speak up to people in higher authority if your teacher is being grossly unfair.If you’re honest with yourself you should be able to tell the difference between malicious injustice and differing standards. She should have been fired just for this outfit, am I right? Compare Yourself to Others There’s nothing more frustrating than hearing that one casually smart kid in your class say that he didn’t study at all for the test and got an A.When you hear stuff like this, you should keep in mind two things: This person is probably stretching the truth to show off. Everyone has different learning styles, and it’s better to learn good study habits now so you can figure out what works for you. You know what you’re already good at and what you need to work harder to master, and you shouldn’t consider yourself dumber than another person if it takes you a little longer to understand something.Persevering through these challenges will give you the type of mental strength that is critical in college and the real world beyond.Kids who breeze through high school may have trouble dealing with setbacks later on when they have to really stretch themselves to succeed (believe me, I’ve experienced the stress of this first-hand). Remember, regardless of the effort that anyone else is putting in, only you know yourself well enough to judge how much time you need to study for a test or learn a new concept.This type of self-awareness helps build skill sets that will help you later in life! Throw in the Towel If you have a GPA that seems hopelessly low, you may be tempted to stop trying to fix it and just give in to the â€Å"I’m not cut out for school† mentality. Yes, it’s discouraging to have a low GPA, but before you give up, think about whether changing your habits could make a difference. What caused you to end up with a low GPA?It could be anything from struggles in your personal life to irresponsible study habits to misunderstandings about class requirements.Whatever the case, nothing that you’ve done in the past to end up with a low GPA has to define what you do going forward (unless you’re still struggling with personal issues - please get help if so!). You have the ability to turn over a new leaf, especially if it’s still early in your high school career.Also, not everyone HAS to go to a four-year college. You might have a professional field in mind that requires hands-on training but not a bachelor’s degree.No matter what, don’t lose hope for your future! Don't throw me in, you're my beeeest friend Summary Here's a consolidated list of all the tips included in this article: 1. Understand the course's grading scheme2. Focus on the most important areas3. Always do the homework (especially in math and science)4. Ask for help if you don't understand something5. Know what's being tested and how6. Know the difference between reading something over and actually understanding it7. Practice responsible study habits (avoid distractions)8. Review your mistakes9. Avoid procrastination And if you find yourself struggling, try to avoid blaming the teacher, comparing yourself to other students, or giving up entirely. Perseverance is everything! What's Next? Hoping to raise your GPA very quickly? Read my article on how to raise your GPA fast for some helpful strategies. If you're worried about getting into college because of your GPA, check out this list of the best colleges with low GPA requirements. Not sure whether your GPA is too low for college? Learn more about what's considered a high or low GPA in the college admissions process. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Non-participant observation Essay Example

Non Non-participant observation Essay Non-participant observation Essay Observational research must respect the privacy and psychological well being of the people being studied. In this study informed consent was not obtained, therefore the study was conducted in an acceptable circumstance where people could expect to be to be watched by strangers. All information was confidential and participants could not be identified by any of the results. There are two main types of observational studies, participant observation, and non-participant observation. Non-participant observation is used in this investigation. Non-participant observation is when the observer only observes and records the behaviour of the group but doesnt interact with them. The participants used were selected by Opportunity sampling, as the researcher chose anyone who was in the target population and was available for a sufficient amount of time to be observed. The participants were observed until a sufficient amount of details were collected then the researcher would move on and observe the next person. A pilot study was firstly conducted so that the researcher could construct a behavioural category system. This way the observation could be recorded onto a tally chart when the participant displayed a particular behaviour. Point sampling was the method used to collect the data. Point sampling is when participants are observed until enough data is gathered about his or her behaviour. The observer then moves onto the next person. Independent Variable (IV) The IV is the variable that the researcher manipulates and controls. In this investigation it was gender. Dependant Variable (DV) The DV is the variable that is measured when any change is made due to the IV. In this investigation the DV is the type of reinforcement males and females use to reinforce each other. These were smiling, tutting, verbal encouragement, nudging soft/aggressively and hugging. Extraneous Variables The study was performed in the same place so the confounding variable, situational variable, wouldnt occur and affect the results. Participants A large group of people whom we are interested in measuring are called a target population. The target population in this investigation were college students aged 16 18 attending a sixth form college in west London. The small group that were selected as representatives of the target population were selected by using the sampling method Opportunity Sampling, as the researcher chose anyone who was in the target population and was available for a sufficient amount of time to be observed. Twenty people were observed, ten of each gender. Apparatus and Materials Tally chart listing different types in reinforcement used by the target population. The chart was designed by firstly conducting a short preliminary observation to gather the different types of reinforcement used by the target population. (See Appendix A) Procedure In this investigation the observer firstly selected a public place where she could carry out her observation. She was observing the way in which members of the same gender praised/criticised each other, either verbally, physically or both. She then selected an appropriate person who would be available for a long enough period of time, so enough information could be gathered on them. She then sat in a seat at an appropriate distance from the person being observed. She used the apparatus (tally chart listing the different category systems) to define each type of reinforcement. The behaviours were recorded by using the method of point sampling. Point Sampling is when enough information is gathered on a person the researcher moves onto the next until all 20 participants are observed (10 male, 10 female). The mean in the results for females was higher with the verbal types of reinforcement than for males. The mean in the results for males were higher with the physical types of reinforcement than for females. This means that the females used all three of the verbal types of reinforcement more frequently than the males. The males used two out of three of the physical types of reinforcement more than the females. The exception was hugging which females used 2. 5% more than the males. This was an anomalous result. The reason for this is believed to be because hugging is stereotyped as a female behaviour towards members of their own gender. Smiling has a difference of 0. 4 between the two genders, males being the highest. The modal result for both genders was smiling. The hypothesis Females will reinforce other females verbally whilst males will reinforce other males physically was accepted and the null hypothesis There is no relationship between gender and types of reinforcement was therefore refuted. Discussion From the results obtained it can be seen that the hypothesis was supported Females will reinforce other females verbally whilst males will reinforce other males physically which means that on average the males used more physical types of reinforcement than the females. This study is quite independent as it has more differences to the Fagot study than similarities. The similarities are major parts of the two studies in that they both contain reinforcement and the hypotheses are based on gender appropriate behaviour. The conclusions made in this study are similar to that of the results in the Fagot study, in that the way in which participants reinforced each other was dependant on their gender. The participants in this study may have been acting the way they believed to be appropriate for them to in an environment of same gender peers. Also some of the participants in the area where the study was conducted may have the stereotypical view that males who act feminine are not following the group norm. The observation was carried out at different times of the day and so some participants who were observed in the afternoon may have been less tolerant with a lot less energy. If this observation were carried out again then it would be more reliable if the target population had a wider variety of people so it could be easily generalised. Also the sample size could increase more accurate sampling methods used. For example, quota sampling, when a sample selected contains specified groups in numbers, which is proportional to their size in the target population. A further study of reinforcement could move onto looking at the behaviour of genders when reinforcing members of the opposite sex and the response to being reinforced to a member of the opposite sex. The results could be compared to this study to see if there are differences in the ways males/females reinforce members of their own sex when compared to when they reinforce members of the opposite sex. This observation could be carried out the same way as the original study but there would be a larger sample size for more reliability, and the observer would be looking for participants reinforcing members of the opposite gender. In this study the main ethical issue was that observational research must, at all times, respect the privacy and psychological well being of the participants so the researcher would have to make sure that the participant was always unaware of the observation and that all information about the participant would remain confidential. Conclusion The difference in the type of reinforcement used by the males and females may be because of how they developed and were taught how to act. The results clearly show the males had higher means for physical reinforcement, when the anomaly is exempt, than the females, and the females had higher means for verbal reinforcement than the males. So to conclude

African-American History from 1950 to 1959

African-American History from 1950 to 1959 From the Brown vs. Board of Education decision to the murder of Emmitt Till and the dawn of the Civil Rights movement, these are the pivotal historical events in African-American history that occurred in the decade spanning 1950 through 1959. 1950 Ralph Bunche wins the Nobel Peace Prize for his ability to mediate the Arab-Israeli conflict in the Middle East.Gwendolyn Brooks receives the Pulitzer Prize in poetry. She is the first African-American to receive such a distinction.Chuck Cooper, Nathaniel Clifton, and Earl Lloyd become the first African-Americans to play for the National Basketball Association.Juanita Hall becomes the first African-American to win a Tony Award for her portrayal of Bloody Mary in South Pacific. 1951 Racial segregation in Washington D.C. restaurants is declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court.An estimated 3500 whites try to keep an African-American family from moving into an apartment building in Cicero. As a result, Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson calls the state’s national guard to protect the family.Florida NAACP official Harry T. Moore is killed by a bomb.Johnson Publishing Company prints its first issue of Jet. 1952 For the first time in more than 70 years, the Tuskegee Institute finds that there are no lynchings reported in the United States.Writer Ralph Ellison publishes Invisible Man. 1953 In June, African-American residents of Baton Rouge establish a boycott of the city’s segregated transportation system.James Baldwin publishes his first novel, Go Tell It On The Mountain. Willie Thrower joins the Chicago Bears and becomes the first African-American quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). 1954 The U.S. Supreme Court declares segregation in public schools unconstitutional in the Brown v. Board of Education case.Benjamin Oliver Davis Jr. is the first African-American to be appointed as an Air Force general after serving in the Korean War.Malcolm X becomes Minister of the Nation of Islam’s Temple No. 7 in New York City.  Frankie Muse Freeman becomes the first African-American woman to win a major civil rights case after serving as the lead attorney for the NAACP in the Davis et al. v. the St. Louis Housing Authority case. The ruling ended racial discrimination in public housing in St. Louis. 1955 While visiting family in Money, Miss., 14-year-old Chicagoan Emmett Till  is killed by white men.Rock n roll artist Chuck Berry records the hit song Maybellene with Chess Records.Rosa Parks is arrested after refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery Bus to a white patron.Marian Anderson is the first African-American to perform with the Metropolitan Opera.Martin Luther King Jr. is elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. The organization leads a year-long boycott against Montgomery’s segregated transportation system. 1956 Nat King Cole becomes the first African-American to host a primetime show on national television.Harry Belafonte’s album Calypso is the first record to sell more than one million copies.The U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling in the Gayle v. Browder case declares it is unconstitutional to segregate transportation on intrastate travel. This ruling supports those participating in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. 1957 Congress establishes the Civil Rights Act of 1957. This is the first legislative act protecting the rights of African-Americans since the Reconstruction period by establishing the Civil Rights section of the Justice Department. Federal prosecutors are now able to get court injunctions against those who interfere with the right to vote. Under this act, the Federal Civil Rights Commission is also established.Dorothy Irene Height is elected president of the National Council of Negro Women. Height holds this position for 41 years.Federal troops are sent to Little Rock, Ark by Dwight Eisenhower to enforce the desegregation of Central High School. The troops are also instructed to protect nine African-American students who are enrolled in the school and remain for the entire academic year.The Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) was established in Birmingham.Perry H. Young becomes the first African-American pilot of a commercial passenger airline. 1958 The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is established in Atlanta. King is appointed as the organization’s first president.The Alvin Ailey Dance Theater is founded in New York City.Louis E. Lomax is hired by WNTA-TV in New York City. Lomax is the first African-American newscaster for a major network station.Althea Gibson is the first African-American woman to win the U.S. Open Championship. 1959 Motown Records is formed by Berry Gordy Jr. in Detroit.Jazz trumpeter Miles Davis records  Kind of Blue.  The work is considered Davis masterpiece.  A Raisin in the Sun, a play written by Lorraine Hansberry opens on Broadway. The play is the first to be produced by an African-American woman on Broadway.Three days before he is scheduled to stand trial for raping a pregnant white woman, Mack Charles Parker is beaten by a mob in his jail cell. Parker is lynched near Poplarville, Miss.

Autobiography Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Autobiography Paper - Essay Example The class meetings provided me with an opportunity to reflect upon my beliefs, attitudes and values with regards to sexuality. Specifically, the discussion on love and communication in intimate relationships enabled me differentiate the types of love I have for different people. The difficulty in coming up with a universal definition of love made me appreciate why I always find it difficult when my love partner asks me to define love. As noted, love has numerous varied meanings to different people. To me, I know I am in love with the person that we deem to be in a relationship because my heartbeat rises when we meet in addition to getting elated, excited and a feeling of ecstasy. This is what Crooks and Baur (2012) define as passionate love. However, this passion has been slowly declining but I just realized that I am getting so intimate, perhaps in line with Sternberg’s triangular theory of love. From our interaction as students, it is common to get attracted to someone of the opposite gender, though at times I have witnessed my peers of the same gender being attracted to each other. This is particularly so during leisure, say for instance during sports. I have always believed that sexual arousal comes from what we see. Vision causes one to be attracted to what they consider good-looking, the initial process to sexual arousal. However, it came as a surprise to me when this course offered a scientific meaning to this, further arguing that it takes all the five senses for sexual arousal to occur. It could therefore be vision or any of the other four or even a combination of more than one of these senses. Thus, even touch, smell, hearing and taste could result in sexual arousal (Crooks & Baur, 2012). This understanding has made me appreciate that looking good alone is not enough to attract the person I am attracted to. I would probably have to encompass aspects of saying the ri ghtful things, smelling good and even being tender

ENVIORNMENTAL REGULATIONS Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ENVIORNMENTAL REGULATIONS - Coursework Example The absence of minimum wage rate in Singapore is a matter of concern especially for migrant workers. Due to increasing problems of environmental pollution caused by several industries and by industrialization policies pursued since the late 1960s, Malaysia developed its first framework environmental legislation called the Environmental Quality Act 1974. During the start of its life, the act took major steps to curb the ever increasing pollution in the country and it was not until 1987 that the environmental impact assessment (EIA) procedures were introduced to undertake preventative measures as well. Section 34A of the Environmental Quality (Amendment) Act 1985 makes it obligatory for anyone who wishes to undertake some activity to conduct a study to weigh the environmental impacts that the activity will have and the measures to be undertaken. The Malaysian EIA procedures are comparable to the National Environmental Policy Act 1969 (NEPA) model of the USA (Memon, n.d.). The number of environmental laws has grown rapidly and may be sufficient in number but not in quality. These laws have been unable to curb the ever increasing pollution in Malaysia. One of the reasons is that the legislation was mainly passed to cover and address situations as they arose with time, not to address the core environmental issues. There are also a significant number of breaches of environmental law but enforcement action is extremely low: to date only 5 cases are reported in the law reports of Malaysia under the heading of environmental law (Bt. Maidin, 2005). Singapore’s environmental issues are typical of an urbanized city. The issues relate to pollution from industrialization and urbanization and the protection of nature areas. The overall environmental management lies with the Ministry of Environment (ENV) established in 1970 which has become a full-fledged ministry and is responsible for a number of areas such as providing infrastructure for waste management, and

SpinozaBerkeley Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

SpinozaBerkeley - Essay Example Infinite substance is indivisible in Spinoza's view. He argues that if infinite substance were divisible then it could either be divided into two finite parts or it could be divided into two equally infinite parts; both of them being impossible. This proves that there is only one infinite substance and Spinoza believes that to be God (13). Since God is infinite substance, every being in existence has its being in God and nothing can exist without God (9). He proves that God is infinite substance and that no other substance exists outside of God. Thus Spinoza claims that God is present in all things; God is omnipotent. Spinoza argues that the will is the same as the intellect and in God, intellect is actual. God can think of infinite number of things in infinite number of ways. This infinite intellect of God comprehends all of God's attributes. All ideas are present in the intellect of God and the human mind is a part of the infinite intellect of God (13). Therefore, Spinoza maintains that ideas are adequate and true as long as they refer to God and reflect the essence of God. He also maintains that ideas that logically follow from such adequate ideas will remain adequate as well. Since adequate ideas must necessarily represent the essence of God, the idea of any substance's actual existence must also come from God. In this case, the human mind must be capable of knowing God and God's infinite essence. Sp Spinoza explains that the human mind may have both adequate and inadequate ideas. Adequate ideas are subject to reason whereas inadequate ideas are subject to emotions. There are three primary emotions from which all other emotions are derived - desire, pleasure and pain. Desire may arise from either pleasure or pain, pleasure arises from a transition from a lesser to a greater state of perfection and pain from a transition from greater to lesser state of perfection. For Spinoza, perfection is reality and since is God is absolutely perfect, he is also absolutely real (14). Spinoza argues that knowledge of good and evil comes from awareness of what causes pleasure and pain. The greatest good of the mind and the greatest virtue it can hold is to know God. To act with virtue is to act with reason and freedom is the ability to act with reason. Freedom is the ability to act rationally and to control emotions; not to subject to emotions and make free undetermined choices. Spinoza agrees that all emotions need not conflict with reason. Emotions that compliment reason causes pleasure whereas pain is caused by emotions that conflict reason (12). Adequate ideas reflect the infinite essence of God and they are subject to reason. Acting with reason causes pleasure and spreads goodness to all. Inadequate ideas do not express the essence of God and thus, knowledge of evil is inadequate knowledge. Inadequate knowledge thus causes pain. According to Spinoza, reason can control emotions and to live freely one must not be in servitude to emotions. Reason is virtue and v irtue is the knowledge of God and thus, Spinoza proves that the better control one exhibits over one's emotions, the better one can understand God (12). In Spinoza's view, all ideas are found in god and only those ideas that truly reflect the essence and knowledge of God are adequate and only those ideas provide freedom to the human mind. Berkeley's book "Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous" is broken into three separate sections, or dialogues. Through the first dialogue he tries to

Describe the period of Globalization in international economic Essay

Describe the period of Globalization in international economic management - Essay Example International Monetary System was formed to overcome the imbalances in economies arising from globalization. The new system took into account the international trade imbalances, investment, finance, and exchange markets. The international monetary system also took into account the imbalances in international payments which as a result of globalization were settled through financing, changing domestic economic policies, rationing exchange controls, and changes in currency exchange rate. The management of International Monetary System was difficult because it needed full international cooperation which was politically impossible. For the management of the system, the economies agreed on using a set of policies. For instance, mix of adjustment mechanisms were developed such as floating exchange rates or linking currencies to dollar under fixed exchange rate. Many political and economic crises arose in the midst of globalization. Reformation of International Monetary System was required. Many countries relaxed controls, opened domestic markets and removed regulatory barriers. As a result, financial markets became integrated into one global market influencing floating exchange rate system making it the central part of the new monetary system. Such an exchange rate could provide effective account adjustments by increasing exports and lowering imports and thus creating a trade balance. Many new treaties and pacts were made within countries as well as amongst others. For instance, the United States-Japan Enhanced Initiative on Deregulation and Competition Policy for Framework was signed to reduce trade deficits between US and Japan. The European Union introduced a single currency known as Euro under the Economic and Monetary Union had significant impact on the currency exchange transactions. In addition, almost all countries set up private banks, made the more central banks more independent, liberalized their financial systems and also joined the IMF

Eco Bus 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Eco Bus 2 - Essay Example Income elasticity is a measurement of the rate over time of a change in quantity demanded because of a positive or negative change consumer income. As consumer income rises, if a good decreases in demand, it is an â€Å"inferior good†; if demand for a good rises proportionally to increases in consumer income, it is a â€Å"normal good.† 1. The elasticity of demand coefficient expresses how sensitive consumers are to changes in price. To avoid ambiguity, the coefficient of the elasticity of demand is expressed in an absolute value. While a zero quantity expresses perfect inelasticity (that is, quantity demanded is unaffected by changes in price), any value in between zero and one will represent relative inelasticity. A value that is greater than one will represent a relatively elastic demand, up until a value of infinity, which represents a perfectly elastic demand (that is, quantity demanded is infinitely changed by changes in price. An elasticity coefficient equal to negative one indicates unit-elastic demand, which is a situation that occurs when the percentage change in quantity demanded is equal to the percentage change in price. 2. The cross-price elasticity coefficient expresses how sensitive demand is to a price change of other related goods. Elasticity coefficients above zero indicate that there is a high inverse correlation between the prices of Good A and Good B, which means that the goods are substitutes. In contrast, coefficients below zero indicate direct correlations between the prices, which means those goods are complements. Small absolute values of the cross-price elasticity coefficient indicate that there is little or no relation between the prices. 3. The income elasticity coefficient expresses how sensitive demand for a good is to income change. Income elasticity coefficients below zero indicate that there is a strong direct correlation between income increasing (or decreasing) and demand for a good

HW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

HW - Essay Example C. The descriptive statistic can be obtained using the corresponding option in Excel Data Toolkit (Anderson, Sweeney, Williams, Camm, and Cochrane, 2015). The results are given in the table below. The mean and the median are close to each other, and the skewness is not significant. The stem and leaf diagram shows that the largest number of results is between 2700 and 2800, which is close to the mean value. The data distribution is close to normal with left skewness. D. To develop the table of frequencies the number of classes and class range has to be defined. The number of classes can be defined as a square root of the number of measurements. As N = 41, the number of classes will be 6.4, which is rounded to 7. The class width is found dividing range by the number of classes. Thus, the class range is 2514,643/7 = 359,23 (rounded to 359). The class midpoint is found as the sum of upper and lower boundaries of the class divided by 2. Relative frequency is obtained dividing frequency on the total number of measurements. Cumulative relative frequency is defined as a sum of frequencies for the data smaller than upper boundary of the class (Mendenhall, Beaver, and Beaver, 2013). E. 1. The histogram is built in the coordinates of class midpoint – frequency. The histogram supports the statement that the data distribution is left-skewed. The histogram also confirms that the range between 2700 and 2800 contains the largest number of measurements. 2. Ogive can be built in coordinates cumulaive (or cumulative relative) frequency – upper class bouunbary (Mendenhall, Beaver, and Beaver, 2013). The ogive shows that the small number of data is located in the range between 3500 and 4500. This also supports the statement about left skewness of the data. The highest increase of the frequency is in the range

Eco Bus 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Eco Bus 2 - Essay Example Income elasticity is a measurement of the rate over time of a change in quantity demanded because of a positive or negative change consumer income. As consumer income rises, if a good decreases in demand, it is an â€Å"inferior good†; if demand for a good rises proportionally to increases in consumer income, it is a â€Å"normal good.† 1. The elasticity of demand coefficient expresses how sensitive consumers are to changes in price. To avoid ambiguity, the coefficient of the elasticity of demand is expressed in an absolute value. While a zero quantity expresses perfect inelasticity (that is, quantity demanded is unaffected by changes in price), any value in between zero and one will represent relative inelasticity. A value that is greater than one will represent a relatively elastic demand, up until a value of infinity, which represents a perfectly elastic demand (that is, quantity demanded is infinitely changed by changes in price. An elasticity coefficient equal to negative one indicates unit-elastic demand, which is a situation that occurs when the percentage change in quantity demanded is equal to the percentage change in price. 2. The cross-price elasticity coefficient expresses how sensitive demand is to a price change of other related goods. Elasticity coefficients above zero indicate that there is a high inverse correlation between the prices of Good A and Good B, which means that the goods are substitutes. In contrast, coefficients below zero indicate direct correlations between the prices, which means those goods are complements. Small absolute values of the cross-price elasticity coefficient indicate that there is little or no relation between the prices. 3. The income elasticity coefficient expresses how sensitive demand for a good is to income change. Income elasticity coefficients below zero indicate that there is a strong direct correlation between income increasing (or decreasing) and demand for a good

Compare Jesus in islam and Christianity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compare Jesus in islam and Christianity - Essay Example Christ was born without a father, but this is not a reflection of Christs power but it is a sign of Allahs serenity and his omnipotence (Caner & Caner 214). The dialogue between Mary and an angel is recorded in a chapter of Koran 19:20-21 which runs almost parallel to the gospel accounts (Beverly 61). But the difference between the biblical version and the chronic version is that Koran states that Jesus was born under a palm tree (Beverly 61). And when Mary brought the newly born to her relatives they said, "how can we talk to one who is in the cradle?" To this Jews replied: "Lo! I am the slave of Allah. He hath given me the Scripture and hath appointed me a prophet" (Surah 19:30). Theres a consensus among all sects of Islam that Jesus was a prophet of God, but he was not God. There is very clear indication both in Quran and hadith (Mohammeds sayings) that Jesus was not the son of God either. The explanation is that God addresses Jesus as his son in the Bible the way he addresses all of humanity as his family. Islam is very clear in that Jesus was not the eternal son of God (Caner & Caner 214). Muslims also believe that Jesus cured the sick and dying only with the help of God. He had miracles of curing people, but this power was not his own, God gave him those miracles. Koran is very clear in stating that Jesus is not the begotten son of God. And anyone who believes that God had a son is a sinner. The famous Muslim philosopher and Persian scholar Al-Tabari highlights the eternity of human being Jesus Christ but his objection to the divinity of Christ is that if Jesus was Gods son then God would be subjected to change and deprived of his essential unity (Leirvi k 113). Islam stands very firm and clear about the divinity of Jesus that Christ was a servant, and a prophet of God and this belief is not subject to interpretation (Ataman 98). This belief

White Supremacy Essay Example for Free

White Supremacy Essay In the aftermath of the election victory of Barack Obama, white supremacists rushed to online discussion forums to vent anger and disbelief that voters had chosen an African-American candidate as the next president of the United States. The Anti-Defamation League, which monitors and exposes extremist activity and rhetoric, said anger among white supremacists and other right-wing extremists in response to Obamas victory, resulted in an avalanche of vitriolic ranting postings on racist Web sites. At one point, the chatter so overloaded the server of the most popular white supremacist internet forum, Stormfront, which was temporarily shutdown. The notion that racism is a violation of human rights is not a new one, as those who have experienced it effects would testify. The ground-breaking progress gained by the civil rights movement of the 1960s in the United States has steadily eroded over the past decade, and the issues and incidents of racism as well as anti-Semitism, homophobia, and violence against women are ones that need to be addressed with increasing urgency. While the courts are more and more frequently relying on civil rights laws to prosecute racially motivated violence, the common abuses of basic human rights are often overlooked. In fact, the encroachment of white supremacist ideologies into the social fabric of our politics, our institutions, and our laws means that intolerance 1. is becoming the rule of the day, and the overt violation of the persons and property of individuals and groups is not only easily accepted, but part of the status quo. America has moved into a new era of white supremacy. The new tactics used by white supremacists and far right organizations must be exposed so that we can work together to mitigate their effectiveness. This includes a discussion of the relationship between three converging and ever-growing factionsthe ultra-conservatives, religious fundamentalists, and the far right. In this context, racism cannot stand alone as the sole antagonist of human rights violations. The victims of white supremacist ideologies and politics include immigrants, gays and lesbians, Jews, and women, as well as people of color. From the ranks of homophobes, anti-abortionists, racists, anti-Semites, and those who are simply afraid of a fast-changing world, white supremacists find willing allies in their struggle to control Americas destiny. Hate groups cannot be dismissed as a more complex than the virulence of a few fringe fanatics. With the breathless way the media covers hate groups, it is sometimes easier to characterize them simply as misfits or extremists, rather than acknowledge them as part of the larger problem of widespread racism, anti-Semitism, and homophobia. FBI statistics report that 65 percent of Americas hate crimes are committed by whites against blacks. A good portion of such hate crimes are what we call move-in violence, when neighborhoods, schools, churches, or jobs are finally integrated 2. 30 years after the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Terror over the visibility of the lesbian and gay movement lays behind the numerous hate crimes against gays and lesbians (and their allies) the fastest-growing hate crime category in the country. Some of the haters, living on the United States borders, are petrified at the thought that brown hordes of Mexicans, Chinese, or Haitians may swarm over them if they cease their militant rhetoric and violence toward these immigrants. If they live near Native American reservations, the aim of their violence is to challenge the few remaining treaty rights granted native peoples. Other white supremacists want to save the white race by controlling the behavior of white womenthey attack interracial couples, lesbians, and feminists. They join the anti-abortion movement, believing they can prevent white women from getting legal abortions. Racist far right organizations have been quick to glorify anti-abortion violence, making it yet another hot issue to fuel the fires of the white revolution. Hate groups have decided that they are no longer willing to wait for the white revolution, the violent backlash against human rights movements. They want a fast solution before, as they put it, the white race is extinct. These fanatics are terrorists who use bombs, murder, arson, and assaults in their genocidal war. Some skinheadsfor example, the Fourth Reich Skins arrested a few years ago in Los Angeles or the Aryan National Front, convicted of murdering homeless people in Alabama are in the vanguard of this street-level violence. Meanwhile, older survivalists like Randy Weaver, who was acquitted of killing a federal marshall in an Idaho firefight in 1992, 3.are barricaded in mountain shelters with stockpiles of weapons, awaiting the final Armageddon. Impressionable, often alienated people, both young and old, are natural recruits for this movement. They bring new energy and a willingness to display their hatred aggressively. They also expand the influence of the white supremacist movement, into the anti-abortion movement, into the anti-gay movement, into the English only movement, opening new avenues for the expression of hate. In the 21st century, the image of organized hate is rapidly changing. It is no longer the exclusive domain of white men over 30. It is becoming younger, meaner and more violent. Many people join the movement as teenagers, including a remarkable number of young women. This new and dangerous increase accounts for nearly one-third of the membership of some hate groups. The increase in the number of women, coupled with a strategic thrust to reform the public image of hate groups, has expanded womens leadership. These new recruits do not fit the stereotypical image of wives on their husbands arms. In fact, many of them are college-educated, very sophisticated, and display skills usually found among the rarest of intellectuals in the movement. Of particular concern in this early 21st century is a continuing convergence of sections of the white supremacist movement with the radical Christian Right, as represented by Pat Robertson, and nationalist ultra-conservatives, as represented by the crackpot Tea Party members and conservative Republicans such as Rick Santorum. This alliance is between religious determinists who think that ones degree of Christianity determines one’s future, economic determinists who see themselves in a 4.war of the haves against the have-nots, and biological determinists for whom race is everything. All believe they are in battle to save Western civilization (white Europeans) from the ungodly and the unfit (people of color, gays and lesbians, and Jews). What many Americans fail to realize is that, increasingly, white people are being literally scared out of their wits by demagogues, who crystallize for them their fears of people of color, lesbians and gays, the government, the media, welfare mothers, immigrants, the economy, health care, and the list goes on. The fact that race relations in the United States are usually presented as a black/white model disguises the complexity of color, the brutality of class, and the importance of religion and sexual identity in the construction and practice of white supremacy. This simplistic model, which fails to convey many of the important aspects of white supremacy, cannot specifically explain how white supremacy influences American culture and politics. White supremacy is an ideology that manipulates US politics and affects all relations in American society. It is sustained by rigid ideological categories. The construction of racial categories, although varying greatly over time, has always been based on the economic, social, and political aspirations of people of European descent. Throughout European history, racial definitions have been based on lineage, characteristics, skin hue, and religion. At the present time, there are not safe places for the victims of this type of violence to turn. No homeless shelters, no womens shelters, and often not even 5. police departments offer them support. The first step in building these resources is to recognize the magnitude of the problem so that human rights activists can come together to offer help and support to those outside the majority rule. A concerted, prolonged effort to teach young people about the true impact of white supremacy and its prevalence in American society is fundamental to breaking the cycle. To ignore this issue is to build intolerance into the next generation. An understanding of the historical and institutional effects of racism and the other isms that dominate our culture and society is vital to understanding present bigotry and abuse. In conclusion, when we recognize that racism, homophobia, sexism, anti-Semitism, and xenophobia flow from the same spring, and that they permeate every aspect of the lives of all Americans, we can then take steps together to make the United States a place that respects and honors the dignity of all people. 6. A Childs Tale By Gloria A. Loftin Let me tell you a tale my child of blue and grey of a world gone wild Let me tell you a tale my child of men in hoods and capes of hearts full of rage and hate Let me tell you a tale my child of men of god of greed and wealth Let me tell you a tale my child of peace and hope for all the world Let me tell you a tale my childÃ'Ž

Case Study Business Ethics Marketing Essay

Case Study Business Ethics Marketing Essay In this essay I would like to consider personal and organizational ethics and provide my own behavior concerning this issue. To begin with it should be noted that personal ethics and morality are the actual core of human behavior.  It can be said that installation of our personal ethics are the guiding for our further actions.  In this context, it is important to understand two principally different systems of personal ethical behavior.  It can be said that one of the systems can be named as system of full personal responsibility.  It includes only human personal principles and ideals and, on its basis chooses different options of human actions and thoughts.  The opposite of this system is a system of strong subordination principle.  As a rule, these systems are distributed among such religions as Islam and Judaism.  Both these systems are very comfortable and have a number of advantages.  I presume that for me, the closest is the Catholic ethical system.  However, as a fact, I have my own principles and beliefs that form my own ethics and determine my actions and words. Nevertheless, all my personal views are corrected by certain higher value system a system of values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the Catholic religion. According to Sayali Bedekar Patil (2010), it should be noted that business ethics is one of the most important, but at the same time the least studied areas of modern business life.  As a fact, scope of business ethics deals with issues how certain business practice is acceptable.  For example, does the vendor have the moral right at an organized presentation of products to hide information from the client about the low standards of a product safety?  Should the accountant report inaccuracies found in the audit, knowing that in this case, that the client is likely to cease cooperation with the firm?  Should car manufacturers use expensive new parts, providing security, knowing that for this reason that car becomes too expensive for the client? Despite the legality of such situations, decisions and actions, the latter should be evaluated in terms of various indicators, not just in the scale of true-false.  Business ethics is contradictory in nature.  Without any doubts, su ch questions relate to business ethics sphere of activity. As a matter of fact, business and ethics can not be considered separately from each other.  In their daily work and activity, people (at any level) will inevitably face the need to make ethical decisions.  As a rule, ethical issues arise in the field of management, marketing, manufacturing, research, human resources, financial management, business strategists, and many others. It can be said that ethical and responsible activity contributes to the creation of new competencies, because it draws its members within the entire organization and contributes to the future-oriented/ holistic approach to leadership style and better prepares the company to both external and internal changes, crises.  Hence, business ethics creates confidence, improves reputation, and helps to maintain good relations with various groups, including, customers, partners, owners, investors and organizations, as well as banks and the media.  I am convinced that ethical and responsible activity helps to impr ove the attractiveness of the company in finding good employees, to maintain the goodwill of members and enhance the value and reliability of an enterprise, to provide a consistent and constant development of the enterprise.  As a fact, ethical and responsible activity affects not only individuals and interest groups, but also the interests and profitability of the organization.  Thus, in other words, business ethics is a way to better manage the enterprise. Many experts have different definitions of what ethics  is. To find a common ground I would like to provide some of them, which in my opinion, characterize this concept the most accurately. According to Chris MacDonald (2002), ethics is a measurement of human thought and behavior that emanates from the principles of goodness and correctness. Ethics is an attempt to define the rules that should guide human activities and life values.  Ethics defines how people should treat each other. Ethics is a set of values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹that are positive and correct. Personally I think that all these definitions bear in themselves the answer for the question what is ethic. For me, ethics is a set of behavior rules of a person or organization that create its image and attitude to the person or organization by customers, partners, investors, media, authorities and so on. According to Chris MacDonald (2002), there are following ethical values: Honesty, integrity, promise-keeping, fidelity, fairness, caring for others, respect for others, responsible citizenship, pursuit for excellence and accountability. However, business ethics also include such concept like ethic dilemma. It should be noted that ethic dilemma is a problem of difficult choice between this or that way of behavior. Situations and conflicts that from time to time require making a decision in real life, often raises the ethical dilemma. As a fact, the two possible solutions of the ethical dilemma may involve behavior, which is not acceptable from the standpoint of morality. Ethical conflicts may occur in following cases: There is a significant conflict between different interests; Alternative solutions can be justified equally; The consequences are very important for those, who are concerned. I would like to provide two examples of business ethical dilemma, that in my opinion are of special interest. The first one: a client wishes to receive from a company any product or service, but when he heard the price, the client states that this price is unacceptable to him.  An employee of firm knows that the client can get the same service at competitors store.  Should the employee of the firm tell customer about the competitor or not? The second business ethical dilemma is following: my colleague tells me that he is going to leave the company and begin work on a new site, which is promised to him.  At the same time my boss gives me to understand that he will not give me a promotion, because he is going to give it to my colleague. Should I tell my colleague about it? Without any doubts it is hard to answer these dilemmas unequivocally. In my opinion, business ethical dilemma is always a compromise with yourself. On the one hand, everybody has own interests or interests of t he company. On the other hand, people should behave  themselves towards  others, as well as they  want  people to  behave towards  them. I think that that a person should decide for himself what is more important to him long-term image and honor or short-term benefit. In this part of the essay I would like to provide an analysis of my own work experience at Starbucks Corporation, where I used to work as barista. It should be noted that Starbucks believes and does business ethically and also strives to do the right things that are vital to the success of the company.  I presume that business ethics supports the mission of Starbucks and helps to protect its culture and reputation by providing resources to help partners make ethical decisions at work.   According to Kate McClelland (2007), Starbucks has its own program, which is aimed at comprehensive development of business ethics within  the company  and  as well as in  contact  with the external environment. The program develops and disseminates information materials, including business standards, promotes compliance and ethics training. Also Starbucks program explores sensitive issues such as potential conflicts of interest, and also provides additional channels for partners voice concerns.  Partners are required to report all types of questions or concerns to the program through their choice of communication channels.  As a rule, the majority of reports received on business ethics and compliance involve labor relations issues.  It can be said that Starbucks believes that company should conducting business ethically and always tries to improve its business ethical standards. According to Starbucks Ethical Sourcing (2011), Starbucks business ethics includes social responsibility and its component, among them are: Taking care about countries that produce coffee; Taking care about the environment; Taking care about communities; Taking care about employees. I would like to consider all these concepts more closely. As a matter of fact, taking care about countries that produce coffee is a very important ethical issue for Starbucks. It can be said that Starbucks takes serious measures to help coffee farmers improve their lives and protect the environment in which they grow coffee.  Starbucks has carefully studied many problems, which farmers are faced by today, including economic and environmental.  By taking care about countries that produce coffee Starbucks at the same time maintains a stable state of their plantations, pays attention to the protection of the environment and maintains high standards of coffee quality. Because Starbucks success depends largely on the stable supply of quality coffee, the company has taken steps to maintain the stability of coffee production with a simultaneous concern for the environment.  Starbucks also supports community projects to improve the welfare of families in coffee regions. The second element of Starbucks business ethics program is taking care about the environment. It should be noted that taking  measures to  reduce  waste  production and  processing  allow the company to  preserve  the natural  resources  and raise living standards  around the globe.  Starbucks actively  seeks out  opportunities  to minimize impacts on  the environment  and  contributes a lot of money and time to make our planet healthier. The third element is taking care about communities. As a fact, local Starbucks coffeehouses have become a central part of many neighborhoods, they serve as a place where people can gather, talk, talk, have a good time.  But Starbucks believes that by make their partners responsible neighbors and active participants in the events of those areas in which they live and work, together they can bring more benefits to local communities.  This is an important part of the business ethics and the culture à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â ‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the company. The forth element of Starbucks business ethics program is taking care about employees. More than 63,000 people work at Starbucks and all these people the company calls partners, who are a tool for success. And since Starbucks success depends largely on the dedication of the partners, the companys primary goal is to show them how much Starbucks appreciate and respect them, according to Tom Allen (2009). In my opinion, Starbucks has positive attitude to business ethics. However, I would like to say that even this business ethics structure needs some changes. First of all, there have to be made certain improvements in the sphere of business ethics because Starbucks is working globally and not in every country ethical principles are identical. That is why Starbucks can not permit to lose its image in the international business. Often, one of the ethical principles plays a considerable role in a customers decision whether visit Starbucks again or not. Good service and exemplary attitude of the staff in Starbucks Corporation always has to use ethical principles that will help the company to succeed. In order to provide the best service and unique products to the customers, Starbucks Corporation has to do everything possible to satisfy the customers needs. If I was a leader, I would create a plan of changes in business ethics and implementation of new approaches, I would take into consideration the analysis and evaluation of the current strategies, business ethical principles, newest technologies and innovative approaches that would have a company to succeed. As for specific steps, I propose the company to expand its presence in popular social networks and make a questionnaire survey in the coffee houses with the aim to improve its fairness and pursuit for excellence. I presume that open desire of the company to hear and take into account opinions and  suggestions of the customers concerning improving service quality will be the best way  to reflect its  business ethics  and  will have a positive impact  on  company image. I am convinced that this step will help Starbucks to gain more fans all over the world. This will show that Starbucks is taking care of people. To sum it up I would like to say that ethics is the humanity, honesty, respect, goodwill, fairness and trust.  It is not possible to provide effective management without business ethics, for the sake of success of the enterprise it is important to treat others with respect, appreciate other people and take into account what is happening in and around the enterprise.  Each organization is the part of the society and the wider environment, disregard for society and the environment can lead to a situation in which the company can no longer continue its activity.  Society and the environment can exist without any particular company, but the company without its environment and society will not survive.  It should be noted that people create the organization and the organization is created in the first place for the people.  All products and services that are produced and offered are created specifically for people and for their needs.   Without any doubts Starbucks Corporation has almost perfect business ethics standards. Although, if I would be a leader of the corporation I would propose the company to expand its presence in popular social networks and make a questionnaire survey in the coffee houses with the aim to improve such important ethical values as fairness and pursuit for excellence. I strongly believe that such step will help the company to hear and take into consideration opinions and  suggestions of the customers concerning Starbucks goods and service  quality and be the best way  to reflect its high  business ethics standards.